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Curry Powder is based largely on four spices: coriander, cumin, fenugreek and turmeric, with the possibility of many other ingredients being included. Out of eight well-known brands of curry powder (see labels below), the following ingredients were used in the frequency indicated:
Spices in Curry Powder:
Times Used, Out of Eight Brands
Coriander Seeds, 8
Cumin Seeds, 8
Fenugreek Seeds, 8
Turmeric, 8
Cloves, 5
Garlic , 5
Curry Leaves, 4
Fennel Seeds, 4
Ginger, 4
Chillies, 3
Mustard, 3
Red Pepper, 3
Salt, 3
Cassia, 2
Black Pepper, 2
Poppy Seeds, 2
Anise, 1
Bengal Gram, 1
Cardamom, 1
Cassia buds, 1
Celery Seed, 1
Cinnamon, 1
Dill Seed, 1
Mace, 1
Nagkeser, 1
Nutmeg, 1
Onion, 1
Trifala, 1
White Pepper, 1
Formulations:
Coriander Seeds, Turmeric, Chillies, Cumin Seeds, Fenugreek Seeds, Fennel Seeds, Trifala & Nagkeser (Fragrant Spices), Cloves, Cassia, Garlic, Curry Leaves and Salt.
Coriander, Turmeric, Chillies, Mustard, Ginger, Cumin Seeds, Fenugreek.
Coriander, Turmeric, Mustard, Bengal Gram, Cumin, Chillies, Fenugreek, Pepper, Garlic, Salt, Fennel, Poppy Seeds, Curry Leaves.
Coriander, Turmeric, Cumin, Salt, Fennel, Chilli, Cassia buds, Fenugreek, Garlic, Anise pepper, Cassia, Curry Leaves, Clove.
Cumin, Coriander, Fenugreek, Ginger, Turmeric, Dill Seed, Black Pepper, Red Pepper, Mace, Cardamom, Cloves.
Turmeric, Coriander, Fenugreek, Cumin, Ginger, Cloves, Cayenne Pepper, Cinnamon, White Pepper, Garlic, Onion, Celery Seed.
Coriander, Turmeric, Mustard, Cumin, Chillies, Fenugreek, Black Pepper, Garlic, Fennel, Poppy Seeds, Dried Curry Leaves.
Coriander, Fenugreek, Turmeric, Cumin, Black Pepper, Bay Leaves, Celery Seed, Nutmeg, Cloves, Onion, Red Pepper, and Ginger.
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FROM THE LABELS
*********************************************
SHIP BRAND
Green Label
MADRAS CURRY POWDER
Coriander Seeds, Turmeric, Chillies, Cumin Seeds, Fenugreek Seeds, Fennel Seeds, Trifala & Nagkeser (Fragrant Spices), Cloves, Cassia, Garlic, Curry Leaves and Salt.
M. M. Poonjiaji & Co.
42, A. Podar Marg
Bombay - 400 002
(India)
The best curry powder we've tasted so far. The GREEN CAN is easy to spot on the shelves. At the top of the can it says "By appointment to H.E. the Governor of Bombay" and "Estd. 1883". When the can is opened, a tight plastic seal must be broken to access the contents, which are tightly packed and very fresh smelling and tasting. Rich, warm taste --- no acridity; all flavors blend together. Contents 4.4 oz, 125 gms. Cost, in Los Angeles, California in May 2002, US$1.99.
BOLST'S
Mild Curry Powder
Coriander, Turmeric, Mustard, Chillies, Dry Ginger, Cumin Seed and Fenugreek.
Bolst's Indian Condiments (Pvt.) Ltd.
10-11th KM Kanakpura Main Road
Bangalore - 560 052 INDIA
Email:
bolsts@bgl.vsnl.net.in
Or:
9, Ashley Park Road
Bangalore 560001
Or, Distributors:
S.O.P. Edibles, Ltd.
7 Aston Fields Road
Whitehouse Industrial Estate
Runcorn, Cheshire WA7 3DL, UK
Tel: 01928 712920
Bolst's is sold in all-metal cans with plastic lids. The flavors are excellent for cooking and all uses. We keep the Hot Curry Powder in a parmesan-cheese shaker next to the stove for cooking. Very perky curry powder, with distinct grains of larger size than most other curry powders. Flavors blend completely.
BOLST'S
Curry Powder HOT
Coriander, Turmeric, Chillies, Mustard, Ginger, Cumin Seeds, Fenugreek.
RAJAH
Mild Madras Curry Powder
Coriander, Turmeric, Mustard, Bengal Gram, Cumin, Chillies, Fenugreek, Pepper, Garlic, Salt, Fennel, Poppy Seeds, Curry Leaves.
B.E. International Foods Limited
Enfield, Middlesex EN3 7JZ
England
Produce of India
One of the very best-tasting curry powders we've found, on a par with Ship Brand (above). Also, the only one with the hard-to-get "Bengal Gram", which we're still trying to identify! Sold in 3.53 oz cans with plastic lid.
LAXMI BRAND
Mild Curry Powder
Coriander, Turmeric, Cumin, Salt, Fennel, Chilli, Cassia buds, Fenugreek, Garlic, Anise pepper, Cassia, Curry Leaves, Clove.
House of Spices (India) Inc.
127-40 Willets Point Blvd.
Flushing NY 11368-1506
(718) 507-4900
Email:
hosindia@aol.com
LAXMI BRAND
Garam Masala
Coriander, Turmeric, Mustard, Cumin, Chillies, Fenugreek, Black Pepper, Garlic, Fennel, Poppy Seeds, Dried Curry Leaves.
PALAT
Sambar Powder
Coriander, Red Chilli, Bengal Gram, Asafoetida, Fenugreek, Turmeric and Salt 5%.
House of Spices (India) Inc.
127-40 Willets Point Blvd.
Flushing NY 11368-1506
(713) 507-4900
Email:
hosindia@aol.com
Asafoetida is an acquired taste, quite unusual for Americans perhaps.
SPICE ISLANDS
Curry Powder
Cumin, Coriander, Fenugreek, Ginger, Turmeric, Dill Seed, Black Pepper, Red Pepper, Mace, Cardamom, Cloves.
Specialty Brands,
A Div. of Burns Philp Foods, Inc.
San Francisco, CA 94108
Burns Philp Food Inc
14722 Anson Avenue
Santa Fe Springs CA 90670
Tel: (562) 404-4564
Email:
vinegar@bpna.com
SPICE GARDEN Brand
Indian Curry Powder
Turmeric, Coriander, Fenugreek, Cumin, Ginger, Cloves, Cayenne Pepper, Cinnamon, White Pepper, Garlic, Onion, Celery Seed.
Modern Products Inc.
PO Box 248
Thiensville, WI 53092
$2.29 for 50 grams (1 and 3/4 ounces) in American health food stores. Pungent, sharp flavors that almost stand alone on the tongue; cinnamon stands out. Sold in tall glass jars with large-holed insert beneath a twist-off lid.
RANI BRAND Authentic Indian Products
Curry Powder
Coriander, Turmeric, Mustard, Cumin, Chillies, Fenugreek, Black Pepper, Garlic, Fennel, Poppy Seeds, Dried Curry Leaves.
Kundan Foods Inc.
Carson, CA
Website: http://www.kundanfoods.com
$1.99 for 63 grams (2.25 ounces) in Indian food stores in California. "We use only the highest quality spices, it is then mixed and ground in our own facilities in California to ensure freshness and quality of our product." Has a different taste from other curry powders.
EL GUAPO (tm)
Curry Powder
Coriander, Fenugreek, Turmeric, Cumin, Black Pepper, Bay Leaves, Celery Seed, Nutmeg, Cloves, Onion, Red Pepper, and Ginger.
Available in cellophane envelopes for about 69 cents, in
ethnic foods sections of markets in California.
PALAT
Sambar Powder
Coriander, Red Chilli, Bengal Gram, Asafoetida, Fenugreek, Turmeric and Salt 5%.
House of Spices (India) Inc.
127-40 Willets Point Blvd.
Flushing NY 11368-1506
(713) 507-4900
Email:
hosindia@aol.com
The Spices in Curry Powder
Fenugreek
From _Back to Eden_ by Jethro Kloss (an herbal book) it says,
"Botanical Name: Trigonella foenum graecum. Medicinal Properties: Mucilaginous, farinaceous.
"Excellent made into a poultice for wounds and inflammations. Grind the seed, make into a thick paste, mix with powdered charcoal. The charcoal makes the poultice more effective. Treating ulcers and swellings in this manner will prevent blood poisoning. The tea is an excellent gargle for sore throat. The seed is jelly-like when moistened and has a very cooling effect on the bowels, lubricates the intestines, and is very healing. The tea is excellent taken in fevers. The seed boiled in soybean or nut milk is very nourishing." (p. 239-240)
At the Gold Star India Website it says:
"Fenugreek is one of the earliest spices known to man. Ancient Egyptians used it as a food, medicine and an embalming agent. Fenugreek has a strong, pleasant and quite peculiar odour reminiscent of maple. The spice is available in its whole and powdered forms as well as in the form of extracted oil, which is extensively used in perfumery."
Turmeric (Tumeric)
From http://www.essiac-info.org/Pets/pets.html
[Note: this website is a discussion on treating dogs with herbs] "I gave both dogs Turmeric, which in large enough doses is supposed to prevent benign fatty tumors or even get rid of them. They liked Tumeric, it is the principal ingredient in curry powder. The vets who discussed this on an internet group said to give it to them until they refused to eat the food and then back off. However, I gave them only a ½ teaspoon each twice a day."
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Definitions
Curry: as used in India, this simply means "sauce"; Indian foods made with sauces are thus all "curries"
Curry Powder: a readily-available blend of spices which is a Western approximation of Indian spice blends, and typically contains turmeric, coriander, chillies, cumin, mustard, ginger, fenugreek, garlic, cloves, salt, and any number of other spices
Masala: In India and her neighbors, a blend of powdered spices, of a specific type for a specific type of dish; said to be about 100 kinds of masalas in Indian cooking
Garam masala: A readily-available masala composed of delicate, heat-sensitive spices; thus, it is added at the end of cooking, after the flame has been turned off (see left)
Curcumin: Confusion exists in present usage of this word; Curcumin is the name for turmeric in many countries; however, expensive products called "Curcumin" are now being sold with the vitamins at health food outlets, and research on curcumin abounds in current medical literature. Some say that curcumin is the yellow oils that give turmeric its yellow color, and which are also used as both food coloring and textile dyeing. Others call these yellow oils "curcuminoids" or "curcumin extract." Curcumin has nothing to do with "Cumin" spice (see below). See the
Curcumin page
Curcuminoids: Chemicals in turmeric that are being studied for their physiological effects; one group of curcuminoids comprises a potent yellow-orange volatile oil (see Curcumin Extract below); this oil contains three compounds called turmerone, atlantone, and zingiberone, among other substances
Curcumin Extract: The term used by Indian pharmacists to denote the potent and expensive yellow-orange oil which is the dye substance extracted from turmeric, used both for food coloring and for textile dye; has been used for centuries in India
Curry Leaves: A plant with small, dark green leaves (about 1 inch long) that give a mild flavor to Indian food; usually used fresh, not dried; they are sometimes included in Curry Powder, but do not give Curry Powder its name
Cumin: A small, warm-climate annual plant of which the seeds are used; often mistranslated as "caraway" in curry recipes due to similarity of the Indian words for both cumin and caraway, jeera, as well as nearly-identical appearance of the seeds; assume that "caraway" means "cumin" in curry recipes; "Cumin" has nothing to do with "Curcumin" (see above)
Chilli: Red chillies, also called Red Pepper or Cayenne Pepper in America
Chilli Powder: In Asia/Europe, the powder of pure red chillies -- this would be called Red Pepper or Cayenne Pepper in America; American "Chilli Powder" is a very different blend of spices, including cumin and with very little red chilli in it, used in Chili con carne, barbecue and "Texas" style cooking
Haldi or Haldie: The Indian name for Turmeric
Turmeric: A plant of which the root resembles ginger, and is used extensively in India, which produces almost the whole world's supply, as well as consumes 80% of that supply; botanical name is curcuma longa; is native to Southeast Asia, from Vietnam to the humid hilly regions of Southern India; Indian name Haldi
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